Panaetius of Rhodes

Reading notes

• Ad Atticum 13.8 §1 Panaetius \textit{On Providence}

  A treatise of the Stoic philosopher Panaetius of Rhodes (c. 185-109 BC), head of the Stoa and chief influence on Cicero's own De Officiis. Cicero is asking for a copy through Philoxenus.

• Ad Atticum 16.11 §4 how far Panaetius went --- I have finished it in two books

  Cicero describes composing his treatise De Officiis (On Duties), which adapts the Stoic philosopher Panaetius's three-book work on duty; Cicero has covered Panaetius's first two themes.

• On the Ends of Good and Evil §2.24 Panaetius

  Panaetius of Rhodes (c. 185-109 BC), the Stoic philosopher who adapted Stoicism for a Roman audience and was a teacher and friend of Laelius and Scipio. His treatise On Duty later became the model for Cicero's De Officiis.

• On the Ends of Good and Evil §4.23 that intimacy with Scipio and Laelius

  The Stoic Panaetius of Rhodes belonged to the so-called Scipionic Circle, the intellectual coterie around Scipio Aemilianus and his friend Gaius Laelius. Cicero cites his treatise to Q. Tubero on enduring pain as evidence that even a Stoic found the verbal denial that pain is an evil empty.

• On the Ends of Good and Evil §4.79 Plato, Aristotle, Xenocrates, Theophrastus, Dicaearchus

  The reading-list of the Stoic Panaetius, who softened orthodox Stoicism by constantly invoking these masters of the Academy and Peripatos. Cicero urges Cato to study them as the true sources of sound ethics.

• On the Nature of the Gods §2.118 the very thing they said Panaetius doubted

  Panaetius of Rhodes (c. 185-109 BC), the Stoic who introduced Stoicism to Rome and notably doubted the orthodox doctrine of the world's periodic destruction by fire (ekpyrosis). Balbus reports the doubt while affirming the doctrine.

• On Duties §1.7 Panaetius

  The Stoic philosopher of Rhodes (c. 185-109 BC) whose lost treatise On Duty (Peri tou kathekontos) is the chief model for the first two books of De Officiis. Cicero follows his threefold scheme while supplementing and correcting it.

• On Duties §2.16 Panaetius

  The Stoic philosopher of Rhodes (c. 185-110 BC) whose treatise On Duty is the model Cicero follows through Books 1 and 2. Cicero adapts rather than translates him, and supplies the fourth and fifth topics Panaetius left out.

• On Duties §3.7 Panaetius

  Panaetius of Rhodes (c. 185-109 BC), the Stoic philosopher whose treatise On Duty Cicero follows in the first two books. He left the third part, on apparent conflicts of the honourable and the expedient, unwritten; Cicero supplies it here.

• Tusculan Disputations §1.79 Are we then to believe Panaetius, dissenting from his own Plato

  Panaetius of Rhodes, the leading middle Stoic and admirer of Plato (whom he called 'the Homer of philosophers'), who nevertheless rejected the soul's immortality, arguing that whatever is born must perish. Cicero rehearses and rebuts his two arguments.