Titus Annius Milo

Reading notes

• Ad Atticum 4.3 §2 out of the Annian house of Milo's

  Milo's full name was T. Annius Milo, of the gens Annia, hence his house is the 'Annian' house. From it his man Q. Flaccus sallied and cut down the leading Clodian gangsters.

• Ad Atticum 4.13 §1 Milo's wedding

  T. Annius Milo's marriage to Fausta, the daughter of Sulla the dictator and the widow of C. Memmius. Cicero's political ally; the marriage cemented Milo's standing on the Sullan/optimate side at a moment when his street war with Clodius was approaching its decisive year.

• Ad Atticum 5.8 §2 Philotimus was a partner in his property

  After Milo's conviction for the murder of Clodius and his exile to Massilia (52 BC), his estate was sold up; Cicero had arranged for Terentia's freedman Philotimus to buy a share, ostensibly to protect Milo's interests rather than let strangers strip the property.

• Ad Atticum 5.8 §2 the very many slaves he has with him

  Milo had taken a large household of slaves into exile at Massilia; a hostile purchaser of the estate might have claimed and seized them, which Cicero's arrangement was meant to prevent.

• Ad Atticum 9.7 §3 as I did in Milo's case

  Cicero recalls his defence of T. Annius Milo, on trial in 52 BC for the murder of Clodius; he undertook it out of personal obligation rather than approval of the cause, the same logic by which he now feels bound to Pompey.

• Ad Atticum 9.14 §2 he complains of Milo, driven out by violence

  T. Annius Milo had been convicted and exiled for the murder of Clodius in 52 BC, after Pompey rammed the prosecution through; the partisan injustice of that trial is now cited against the Pompeian side.

• Ad Familiares 2.6 §3 Milo's consular campaign

  T. Annius Milo, tribune 57 BC and architect of Cicero's recall from exile, was standing for the consulship of 52 BC; his candidacy was ultimately destroyed by his killing of Clodius in January 52, after which Cicero's defence (Pro Milone) also failed.

• Ad Familiares 2.6 §3 the magnificence of his games and the openhandedness of his nature

  Roman candidates routinely cultivated popular favour through lavish gladiatorial shows and beast-hunts staged during their tenure as aedile; Milo had spent ruinously on games, putting himself deeply in debt to finance the goodwill Cicero here describes.

• Ad Familiares 8.3 §2 your freedman Philotimus and the estate of Milo

  After Milo's conviction for the murder of Clodius and his exile to Massilia in 52 BC, his property was sold off; Cicero's freedman Philotimus had bought it up, and Caelius is managing the awkward business of settling with Milo's creditors and connections.

• Ad Familiares 15.4 §12 defending Milo's cause

  Cicero's enemy is P. Clodius Pulcher, killed by T. Annius Milo's men in 52 BC; Cato had backed the defence of Milo, which Cicero counts among Cato's services to him against their common foe.

• Ad Quintum Fratrem 3.8 §6 He is preparing games of the most magnificent kind

  Milo, standing for the consulship of 52 BC, lavished ruinous sums on public games to court the electorate. Cicero thinks the expense pointless, especially as Milo was not even acting as aedile when he gave them.

• Ad Quintum Fratrem 3.9 §2 fitting up a school of gladiators at a hundred thousand sesterces

  Milo was buying and training a gladiatorial troupe (ludus) at vast expense, both for his games and as a private armed force in the street-fighting of late-Republican Rome. Cicero dreads the strain it puts on the family finances he and Quintus had backed.

• On the Responses of the Haruspices §6 T. Annius

  T. Annius Milo, tribune of the plebs 57 BC and (by the time of this speech) the optimate counterweight to Clodius. The pending prosecution of Clodius is here promised to him as ``a victim already vowed.''

• On Duties §2.58 our Milo

  Titus Annius Milo, tribune 57 BC, who bought gladiators to resist the violence of Publius Clodius and thereby protected Cicero's recall. Cicero counts this expenditure as honourable because tied to the commonwealth's safety.

• On the Best Kind of Orators §10 the speech for Milo

  Cicero's Pro Milone (52 BC), delivered with Pompey's troops posted around the Forum, is offered as proof that grand cases demand grand eloquence; the surviving published version is a famous showpiece of the elevated style the Atticists rejected.

• Second Philippic §21 As for Milo

  T. Annius Milo killed Clodius in a brawl on the Appian Way in 52 BC and was convicted despite Cicero's defence (Pro Milone); Antony had alleged Cicero instigated the killing.

• On His Return: To the Senate §19 T. Annius

  T. Annius Milo, tribune of the plebs 57 BC, who organised armed counter-force against Clodius's gangs and prosecuted him under the law on public violence.