Letter · August 54 BC · Romae

Ad Quintum Fratrem 2.15

Ad Quintum Fratrem 2.15

Headnote

Marcus to Quintus, written at Rome at the end of Sextilis (late August) 54 BC, in the worst of the summer heats. Quintus is on Caesar’s staff in Gaul, on the eve of (or just back from) the second crossing to Britain. The opening is Marcus’s wry running joke about secretarial labour: if the hand is the scribe’s he has had no leisure at all, if his own he has had a little. He has never been more harried by cases and trials; but since Quintus and Caesar have between them charted the line, he will follow it — and even seek out the goodwill of the very men who resent his new closeness to Caesar. The political note is bleak: the consular candidates for 53 are so brazen in bribery that the senate’s debate has become a spectacle Marcus will not lend himself to without backing.

The middle of the letter is courtroom news and a brotherly literary tease. Drusus has been acquitted of praevaricatio (collusive prosecution) by the tribuni aerarii by four votes, with the senators and knights for conviction; Marcus is defending Vatinius the same afternoon; Scaurus’s trial is up next. Then the turn to Quintus’s Britannic letter: Marcus had been afraid of the Ocean and the alien shore, and is anxious in the expectation of news rather than in the dread of it; Quintus has — as the Greek puts it — a magnificent hypothesis for writing, with the commander himself for a subject, and Marcus will send the verses asked for, “an owl to Athens.” The close is at once the most private and the most exposing thing in the letter: Caesar has written that the first book of Marcus’s poem is finer than any Greek, but that the rest, down to a certain point, is rhathumotera, “rather slack.” Marcus asks Quintus to report frankly what Caesar really thinks of subject and style — he will not, he promises, love himself a hair the less for it.

When you have received a letter from me in a secretary’s hand, judge that I have not had even a little leisure; when in my own, a little. For know this: I have never been more pulled in pieces by cases and trials, and that at the most oppressive season of the year and in the greatest heats. But since you so prescribe, these things must be borne, and we must not let it appear that I have failed either the hope or the design that the two of you have formed — especially since, if it proves the more difficult, I shall all the same gather great gratitude and great standing out of this labour. And so, as you would have it, I take pains to offend no one’s feeling, and even to be cherished by those very men who grieve that we are so closely joined with Caesar, while by those who are fair — or even leaning to our side — to be both vigorously courted and loved.
Cum a me litteras librari manu acceperis, ne paulum quidem me oti habuisse iudicato, cum autem mea, paulum. sic enim habeto, numquam me a causis et iudiciis districtiorem fuisse, atque id anni tempore gravissimo et caloribus maximis. sed haec, quoniam tu ita praescribis, ferenda sunt neque committendum ut aut spei aut cogitationi vestrae ego videar defuisse, praesertim cum, si id difficilius fuerit, tamen ex hoc labore magnam gratiam magnamque dignitatem sim conlecturus. itaque, ut tibi placet, damus operam ne cuius animum offendamus atque ut etiam ab iis ipsis qui nos cum Caesare tam coniunctos dolent diligamur, ab aequis vero aut etiam a propensis in hanc partem vehementer et colamur et amemur.
When the matter of bribery was being pressed most savagely in the senate for many days — because the consular candidates had gone so far that it could not be tolerated — I was not in the senate; I have determined to bring no remedy at all to the commonwealth without strong backing.
de ambitu cum atrocissime ageretur in senatu multos dies, quod ita erant progressi candidati consulares ut non esset ferendum, in senatu non fui; statui ad nullam medicinam rei publicae sine magno praesidio accedere.
On the day I write this, Drusus was acquitted of collusion by the tribuni aerarii by a margin in all of four votes, although the senators and the knights had condemned him. I am to defend Vatinius the same day in the afternoon. That business is easy. The elections have been put off to the month of September. Scaurus’s trial will be set on at once; and at it we shall not be wanting. As for “The Banqueters of SophoclesSundeipnous Sophokleous — though I can see the little play is by your hand and done in fine style — I gave it no approval at all.
quo die haec scripsi Drusus erat de praevaricatione a tribunis aerariis absolutus in summa quattuor sententiis, cum senatores et equites damnassent. ego eodem die post meridiem Vatinium eram defensurus. ea res facilis est. comitia in mensem Septembrem reiecta sunt. Scauri iudicium statim exercebitur, cui nos non deerimus. ’ Συνδείπνουσ Σοφοκλέουσ ’ quamquam a te factam fabellam video esse ’0 festive, nullo modo probavi.
I come now to what perhaps ought to have stood first. O how welcome to me was your letter about Britain! I had been fearing the Ocean, fearing the island’s shore; the rest I do not at all underrate, but it has more of hope in it than of fear, and I am more anxious in the expectation than in the dread. As for you, I can see you have a magnificent subject hypothesin to write of. What landscapes, what natures of things and places, what manners, what peoples, what battles — and what a commander you have! As you ask, I will gladly help you with whatever materials you wish, and I will send you the verses you ask for — that is, “an owl to Athens.”
venio nunc ad id quod nescio an primum esse debuerit. O iucundas mihi tuas de Britannia litteras! timebam Oceanum, timebam litus insulae; reliqua non equidem contemno, sed plus habent tamen spei quam timoris magisque sum sollicitus exspectatione ea quam metu. te vero ὑπόθεσιν scribendi egregiam habere video. quos tu situs, quas naturas rerum et locorum, quos mores, quas gentis, quas pugnas, quem vero ipsum imperatorem habes! ego te libenter, ut rogas, quibus rebus vis, adiuvabo et tibi versus, quos rogas, hoc est Athenas noctuam,’ mittam.
But here now! it seems to me you are keeping something from me. Tell me, my brother, what does Caesar say about our verses? For the first book, he wrote to me earlier that he had read it, and the opening parts in such terms that he denies he has read better even in the Greek; the rest, down to a certain place, rather slack rhathumotera — that is the word he uses. Tell me the truth: does either the subject or the style charaktēr not please him? You have nothing to fear; for I shall not love myself one hair the less. On this matter, write in love of truth philalēthōs — and, as you usually do, as a brother.
sed heus tu! celari videor a te. quomodonam, mi frater, de nostris versibus Caesar? nam primum librum se legisse scripsit ad me ante et prima sic ut neget se ne Graeca quidem meliora legisse; reliqua ad quendam locum ῤᾳθυμότερα; hoc enim utitur verbo. dic mihi verum, num aut res eum aut χαρακτὴρ non delectat? NihIl est quod vereare; ego enim ne pilo quidem minus me amabo. hac de re φιλαληθῶσ et, ut soles scribere, fraterne.

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Ad Quintum Fratrem 2.15

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