Letter · 20 March 49 BC · in Formiano

Ad Atticum 9.11

Ad Atticum 9.11

Headnote

Cicero to Atticus, written from the Formian villa on the thirteenth day before the Kalends of April 49 BC (the manuscript dateline: Scr.\ in Formiano xiii K.\ Apr.\ a.\ 705 (49)). Three days have passed since Pompey sailed from Brundisium; the news is now beginning to reach Formiae through travellers, intermediaries, and Caesar’s go-betweens. The letter opens with the sighting of P.\ Cornelius Lentulus Spinther — the consul of 57, Cicero’s recall champion — hiding at Puteoli; he has slipped away from Pompey’s camp and is sending fulsome thanks to Caesar. The middle of the letter records a visit from Matius, Caesar’s level-headed friend, on the Quinquatria of Minerva (19 March); Matius reads Caesar’s letter to Cicero as an overture for peace-broking, and Cicero half-allows himself the hope of [Greek: politik\’on opus] — a piece of statesmanship to set against the wreck. Section numbering jumps from 2 to 4 in the Perseus text; the standard scholarly numeration is preserved.

The letter is dense with Greek. Atticus’s tag [Greek: n\’ekuia] — the underworld visitation of Odyssey 11 — has become the shorthand between them for the company Pompey now keeps; Cicero echoes it back. Crassipes, Cicero’s former son-in-law, has come from Brundisium with reports of the Pompeian camp’s tone: pure proscription-talk, pure Sulla, hatred of the optimates and the municipalities, with Theophanes of Mytilene loudest of all. The closing paragraph is the bleakest: the men in whom safety must lie — Scipio Nasica, Faustus Sulla, Scribonius Libo — are reported to have their creditors meeting in town. Pompey is now dreaming of Egypt, of Arabia Felix [Greek: euda\’imona], of Mesopotamia, and has written off Spain. Cicero closes by sending Atticus a copy of his own letter to Caesar.

Do you know that our Lentulus is at Puteoli? I had it from a traveller who said he had recognised him on the Appian Way when Lentulus had opened the curtain of his litter a little. Hardly likely, perhaps; still, I sent boys to Puteoli to track him down, and a letter with them. He was found, scarcely keeping out of sight in his own pleasure grounds, and sent a letter back to me, returning the most extravagant thanks to Caesar; of his own plan, however, he had given his instructions to C.\ Caesius to relay to me. I am expecting him today, that is, on the thirteenth day before the Kalends of April.
Lentulum nostrum scis Puteolis esse? quod cum e viatore quodam esset auditum qui se diceret eum in Appia, cum is paulum lecticam aperuisset, cognosse, etsi vix veri simile est, misi tamen Puteolos pueros qui pervestigarent et ad eum litteras. inventus est vix in hortis suis se occultans litterasque mihi remisit mirifice gratias agens Caesari; de suo autem consilio C. Caesio mandata ad me dedisse. eum ego hodie exspectabam, id est xiii K. Aprilis.
Matius too came to me on the Quinquatria — a man, by Hercules, as he struck me, level-headed and shrewd; certainly he has always had the reputation of a champion of peace. How plainly he disapproved of all this, it seemed to me, and how he dreaded that n\’ekuia, as you call it! In the course of a long conversation I showed him Caesar’s letter to me, the one of which I sent you a copy earlier, and asked him to interpret what Caesar meant by writing that he wished to make use of my counsel, my influence, my standing, and my resources of every kind. He answered that he had no doubt Caesar was seeking both my support and my influence for a settlement of peace. May it be granted me, in this calamity of the commonwealth, to accomplish and carry through some statesmanlike work politik\’on! Matius for his part was confident that Caesar was of that mind, and undertook to back the proposal himself. The day before, Crassipes had been with me; he said he had set out from Brundisium on the day before the Nones of March and had left Pompey there — which is what those too who left Brundisium on the eighth day before the Ides reported. But all of them, Crassipes included — who could, given his shrewdness, take note — reported menacing talk, hostile to the optimates, hostile to the municipal towns: nothing but proscriptions, nothing but Sullas. Such things as Lucceius was saying, as all Greece was saying — and Theophanes above all!
venit etiam ad me Matius Quinquatribus, homo me hercule, ut mihi visus est, temperatus et prudens; existimatus quidem est semper auctor oti. quam ille hoc non probare mihi quidem visus est, quam illam νέκυιαν, ut tu appellas, timere! huic ego in multo sermone epistulam ad me Caesaris ostendi, eam cuius exemplum ad te antea misi, rogavique ut interpretaretur quid esset quod ille scriberet consilio meo se uti velle, gratia, dignitate, ope rerum omnium. respondit se non dubitare quin et opem et gratiam meam ille ad pacificationem quaereret. utinam aliquod in hac miseria rei publicae πολιτικὸν opus efficere et navare mihi liceat! Matius quidem et illum in ea sententia esse confidebat et se auctorem fore pollicebatur. pridie autem apud me Crassipes fuerat qui se pridie Non. Martias Brundisio profectum atque ibi Pompeium reliquisse dicebat, quod etiam qui viii Idus illinc profecti erant nuntiabant; illa vero omnes in quibus etiam Crassipes qui pro prudentia potuit attendere, sermones minacis, inimicos optimatium, municipiorum hostis, meras proscriptiones, meros Sullas; quae Lucceium loqui, quae totam Graeciam, quae vero Theophanem!
And yet our whole hope of safety lies in those very men, and I lie awake in spirit and take no share of rest, and, to escape these plagues here, I desire to be in the company of men utterly unlike ourselves. For what crime do you think Scipio over there, what Faustus, what Libo, will pass up, men whose creditors are reported to be holding meetings? And what will they do to citizens once they have won? And what mikropsuch\’ian of mind on our friend Cnaeus’s part! They report that he is thinking of Egypt, of Arabia Felix euda\’imona, of Mesopotamia Mesopotam\’ian, and that he has now given up Spain. Monstrosities they retail; they may be false, but for certain things here are ruined, and things there are not such as bring safety. By now I am longing for a letter from you. Since our flight there has never yet been so long an interval without one. I have sent you a copy of my letter to Caesar by which I think I may accomplish something.
et tamen omnis spes salutis in illis est et ego excubo animo nec partem ullam capio quietis et, ut has pestis effugiam, cum dissimillimis nostri esse cupio! quid enim tu illic Scipionem, quid Faustum, quid Libonem praetermissurum sceleris putas quorum creditores convenire dicuntur? quid eos autem, cum vicerint, in civis effecturos? quam vero μικροψυχίαν Gnaei nostri esse? nuntiant Aegyptum et Arabiam εὐδαίμονα et Μεσοποταμίαν cogitare, iam Hispaniam abiecisse. monstra narrant; quae falsa esse possunt sed certe et haec perdita sunt et illa non salutaria. tuas litteras iam desidero. post fugam nostram numquam iam tantum earum intervallum fuit. misi ad te exemplum litterarum mearum ad Caesarem quibus me aliquid profecturum puto.

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Ad Atticum 9.11

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