Letter · 13 June 43 BC · in Cypro Crommyuacride

Ad Familiares 12.13

Ad Familiares 12.13

Headnote

C. Cassius, proquaestor, to Cicero, from Cyprus at Crommyuacris on 13 June 43 BC — Perseus dateline Scr. in Cypro Crommyuacride Id. Iun. a. 711 (43). (The sender is C. Cassius Parmensis, the tyrannicide and proquaestor in the eastern campaign — not the more famous C. Cassius Longinus, “noster Cassius” of §4. The two are commonly confused in manuscripts.) Cassius writes from the Cypriot promontory of Crommyuacris, where his squadron has put in after pulling levies of ships and rowers out of the Asian coast and the islands. The first two sections are tribute, almost a prose hymn: the toga of Cicero has been “more fortunate than all men’s arms,” has snatched a beaten Republic back from the enemy, and the writer asks only to be recommended to Cicero’s own judgement and brought forward as part of the country’s best hope. The factual report follows. The conspirators’ main fleet under L. Figulus had drawn off into the closed harbour at Corycus; Cassius Parmensis broke off pursuit to join the main force on Cyprus and link up with Tillius Cimber’s Bithynian squadron under the quaestor Turullius.

The decisive intelligence is in §4. Dolabella is now besieging Laodicea, walled in by the disloyal Tarsenes and Laodicenes; “our Cassius” — C. Cassius Longinus — is encamped at javelin-cast distance (the Greek dative πάλτῳ “with a javelin’s cast” is what the manuscripts give, though some editors have suspected a place-name) with ten legions, twenty auxiliary cohorts, and four thousand horse, and counts on starving Dolabella out: grain inside the besieged camp is already at three tetrachms a measure. The allied fleets (Sextilius Rufus’s, and the three ships of the writer, Turullius, and Patiscus) will keep Laodicean supply ships off. The closing line is a deliberate matching of fronts: as the Republic has been extricated at Rome, so on this side it will be extricated quickly — a confidence the autumn was to betray.

If you are well, it is well. We rejoice in the Republic’s safety, or rather its victory, and at the same time in the renewal of your own glory — that the greatest consular has surpassed his own greatest consulship — and we cannot wonder enough at it. Some fated quality, I know not what, has been given to your excellence, as we have already found out often. For your toga has been more fortunate than all men’s arms: even now it has snatched the Republic, almost beaten, out of the enemy’s hands and given her back to us. So now we shall live free; now we shall have you, greatest of all citizens and dearest of all to me, as the witness of our affection — as you came to know it in the deepest darkness of the state — now we shall have you as witness of our affection both toward you yourself and toward the Republic so closely joined to you. And those things which you have often promised — that you would keep silent so long as we were in slavery, but speak about me at the moment when it would benefit me — I do not so much desire those things to be said, as to be felt by you yourself. Nor would I rather be recommended to the judgement of all men by you than to have been worthily and as I deserve recommended in your own. So judge that these latest acts of ours have been not sudden, nor matters of convenience, but akin to those purposes of which you yourself are witness; and reckon that I myself am to be brought forward by you no less than the country’s best hope.
S. v. b. e. v. Cum rei p. vel salute vel victoria gaudemus tum instauratione tuarum laudum, quod maximus consularis maximum consulem te ipse vicisti, et laetamur et mirari satis non possumus. fatale nescio quid tuae virtuti datum, id quod saepe iam experti sumus. est enim tua toga omnium armis felicior; quae nunc quoque nobis paene victam rem p. ex manibus hostium eripuit ac reddidit. nunc ergo vivemus liberi, nunc te, omnium maxime civis et mihi carissime, id quod maximis rei p. tenebris comperisti, nunc te habebimus testem nostri et in te et in coniunctissimam tibi rem p. amoris et, quae saepe pollicitus es te et taciturum dum serviremus, et dicturum de me tum cum mihi profutura essent, nunc illa non ego quidem dici tanto opere desiderabo quam sentiri a te ipso. neque enim omnium iudicio malim me a te commendari quam ipse tuo iudicio digne ac mereor commendatus esse, ut haec novissima nostra facta non subita nec convenientia sed similia illis cogitationibus quarum tu testis es fuisse iudices meque ad optimam spem patriae non minimum tibi ipsi producendum putes.
You have, M. Tullius, children and kinsmen worthy of you and rightly dearest to you; in the Republic next to them ought to come those who emulate your studies — of whom I wish you abundance; yet I do not think that I am shut out by so great a crowd that you cannot find time to take me in and bring me forward into every course you wish for and approve. My disposition I have perhaps proved to you; my talent, such as it is, the long servitude has surely allowed to appear less than it was.
sunt tibi, M. Tulli, liberi propinquique digni quidem te et merito tibi carissimi; esse etiam debent in re p. proxime hos can, qui studiorum tuorum sunt aemuli, quorum esse cupio tibi copiam; sed tamen non maxima me turba puto excludi, quo minus tibi vacet me excipere et ad omnia quae velis et probes producere. animum tibi nostrum fortasse probavimus, ingenium diutina servitus certe, qualecumque est, minus tamen quam erat passa est videri.
From the coastal strip of the province of Asia and from such of the islands as we could, we drew off ships; the levy of rowers, in the face of great obstinacy from the communities, we still got through fast enough. We followed the fleet of Dolabella, commanded by L. Figulus, who, by repeatedly offering hope of defection and never ceasing to draw back, at last betook himself to Corycus and began to keep himself there with the harbour shut. We left that and made for Cyprus, since we thought it more profitable to get to camp, and besides another fleet was following — the one which Tillius Cimber had got together in Bithynia the year before, with the quaestor Turullius in command. What I have learned there, I wished to write to you as quickly as I could.
nos ex ora maritima Asiae provinciae et ex insulis quas potuimus navis deduximus, dilectum remigum magna contumacia civitatium tamen satis celeriter habuimus, secuti sumus classem Dolabellae cui L. Figulus praeerat; qui spem saepe transitionis praebendo neque umquam non decedendo novissime Corycum se contulit et clauso portu se tenere coepit. nos illa relicta, quod et in castra pervenire satius esse putabamus et sequebatur classis altera, quam anno priore in Bithynia Tillius Cimber compararat, Turullius quaestor praeerat, Cyprum petivimus. ibi quae cognovimus scribere ad vos quam celerrime voluiiuus.
Dolabella was summoned — as the people of Tarsus, basest of allies, summoned him, so the people of Laodicea, even more out of their senses, brought him in of their own accord; from these two cities he made up, by the number of Greek troops, the appearance of an army. He has pitched camp before the town of Laodicea, has knocked down a section of the wall, and joined his camp to the town. Our Cassius, with ten legions and twenty cohorts of auxiliaries and a cavalry force of four thousand, has pitched camp at a javelin’s cast away paltōi, and reckons that he can win without a battle: for already in Dolabella’s camp wheat is at three tetrachms a measure. Unless he gets some brought in by Laodicean ships, he must quickly perish of famine; and that he should not be able to get it brought in, both Cassius’s fleet — a good large one, commanded by Sextilius Rufus — and the three ships we have brought up (I, Turullius, Patiscus) will easily ensure. I want you to be of good hope and to be confident that the Republic, as you on your side have extricated it, can on our side too be extricated quickly. Farewell. Despatched on the Ides of June, from Cyprus at Crommyuacris.
Dolabellam ut Tarsenses, pessimi socii, ita Laudiceni multo amentiores ultro arcessierunt; ex quibus utrisque civitatibus Graecorum militum numero speciem exercitus effecit. castra habet ante oppidum Laudiceam posita et partem muri demolitus est et castra oppido coniunxit. Cassius noster cum decem legionibus et cohortibus xx auxiliariis et quattuor milium equitatu a milibus passuum xx castra habet posita *pa/ltw| et existimat se sine proelio posse vincere; nam iam ternis tetrachmis triticum apud Dolabellam est. Nisi quid navibus Laudicenorum supportarit, cito fame pereat necesse est; ne supportare possit et Cassi classis bene magna cui praeest Sextilius Rufus et tres quas nos adduximus, ego, Turullius, Patiscus, facile praestabunt. te volo bene sperare et rem p., ut vos istic expedistis, ita pro nostra parte celeriter nobis expediri posse confidere. vale. D. Idib. Iun. Cypro a Crommyuacride.

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